目的 评价辽宁省各级医疗机构基本药物可及性现状,为相关政策的完善提供参考。方法 参考WHO/HAI标准调查法,以可获得率、中位价格比(MPR)和以人均收入计算疾病负担法作为可及性评价指标。结果 ①52%的调查药品可获得率低于国际一般标准(50%);样本药品在各级医疗机构的可获得率有显著差异,表现为一级及以下(27.3%)＜二级(60.3%)＜三级(62.4%)。②仿制药价格水平(MPR=1.9)略低于WHO推荐标准(2.0);73%的仿制药MPR值在各级医疗机构间无显著差异。③在农村和城市,分别有77%和92%的基本药物一疗程费用小于WHO参考标准。结论 在基本药物可负担性较好的前提下,基层医疗机构的基本药物可获得率最低。为保障基本药物的公平、可及,建议强化对基层基本药物的供应保障。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the accessibility of essential medicines in medical institutions at all levels in Liaoning province, and provide reference for the improvement of related policies. METHODS The WHO/HAI standardized approach adjusted based on China′s national conditions was adopted. The availability, median price ratio (MPR) and disease burden per capita income were used as evaluation indicators and methods. RESULTS ① Fifty-two percent (52%) of the surveyed drugs′ availability is lower than the international general standard (50%); there was a significant difference in the availability of sample drugs at all levels of medical institutions. The specific performance was primary (27.3%) <secondary(60.3%) <tertiary (62.4%). ②The overall price level of generic drugs (MPR=1.9) is slightly lower than WHO′s recommended standard(MPR=2.0); seventy-two percent(73%) of the generic drug price did not differ significantly between different levels of medical institutions(P>0.05). ③In rural and urban areas, seventy-seven percent(77%) and ninety-two percent(92%) of essential medicines each have a course of treatment cost that is less than the WHO referenced standard, respectively. CONCLUSION Under the premise that the affordability of essential medicines is good, the availability of primary medical institutions is the lowest among surveyed institutions. In order to ensure the fairness and accessibility of essential medicines, it is suggested to strengthen the supply of essential drugs for primary-level medical institutions.
关键词
基本药物 /
可及性 /
可获得性 /
药品价格 /
可负担性
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Key words
essential medicine /
accessibility /
availability /
drug price /
affordability
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中图分类号：
R951
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参考文献
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